Molecular Biology
Human beings are highly developed species. How a person looks, behaves, suffers from diseases and the like are dictated by genetic material called DNA. The information is inherited from parent to offspring. The same is replicated from parent DNA to daughter DNA.
Individual characters are translated in to proteins, under the direction of DNA. First RNA is synthesized from DNA (Transcription) which is translated in to Proteins. These proteins are responsible for various metabolic functions. Protein expression during development, adaptation, aging and other related processes of life are controlled by DNA.
Changes in the genetic material cause hereditary diseases.